The Honest Finder: A Duty to Return and a Right to a Reward!

What happens when you stumble upon someone else's lost belongings? This falls under the realm of the Civil Code of the Philippines, specifically Articles 719 and 720, which outline the duties of a finder of lost movable property.

Article 719: The Obligation to Return

This article clearly states that whoever finds a movable, which is not treasure, must return it to its previous possessor. If the owner is unknown, the finder has a crucial duty: they shall immediately deposit it with the mayor of the city or municipality where the finding took place.

The mayor is then obligated to publicly announce the finding for two consecutive weeks. If the item is perishable or its value would significantly diminish, it can be sold at public auction after eight days from the publication.

Six months from the publication date, if the owner has not appeared, the found item (or its value) shall be awarded to the finder.

Article 720: The 10% Reward

Here's where it gets interesting for the honest finder! Article 720 states:

"If the owner should appear in time, he shall be obliged to pay, as a reward to the finder, one-tenth of the sum or of the price of the thing found."

This means that if you find a lost item and diligently follow the steps outlined in Article 719 by returning it or depositing it with the authorities, and the owner eventually claims it, you are legally entitled to a 10% reward of the item's value!

Why is this important?

• Encourages Honesty: This legal provision incentivizes individuals to return lost property rather than keeping it, fostering a culture of honesty and integrity.

• Protects Property Rights: It ensures that owners have a legal avenue to recover their lost possessions and that finders are recognized for their good deed.

• Avoids Legal Trouble: Failing to return lost property, especially if there's an intent to gain from it, could potentially lead to criminal charges of theft.

Beyond the Law: A Call for Responsibility

While the law provides a framework, the spirit of honesty and civic responsibility should always be at the forefront. Imagine the relief and gratitude of someone who has lost something precious, only to have it returned.

So, the next time you encounter a lost wallet, a forgotten phone, or a valuable item, remember your duty under the Civil Code. Not only might you be helping someone in distress, but you could also be legally entitled to a well-deserved 10% reward for your good deed. It's a win-win for everyone!